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A笔试题(4.2)概率dp

题目描述

原始a=b=n,n为输入。数据范围1e9。
四种等概率操作:
1.(a-100, b)
2.(a-75, b-25)
3.(a-50, b-50)
4.(a-25, b-75)
直到a<=0或b<=0时停止。

记a先到0的概率为p(a),b先到0的概率为p(b),ab同时到0的概率为p(ab)
求:对于输入的n,输出p(a)+0.5*p(ab)


化简

(n+24)/25

概率dp

dp[i,j]=dp[i-4,j]+dp[i-3,j-1]+dp[i-2,j-2]+dp[i-1,j-3];

打表

数据范围超过几百的时候,dp[i,i]已经是1.00000000了,直接判断。

代码(赛后写的,不保证对)


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# include<cstdio>
# include <cstring>
# include <cmath>
# include <algorithm>
# include <utility>
# include <map>
# define mp make_pair
# define pff pair<float, float>
# define pfff pair<float, pair<float, float> >
using namespace std;
pfff dp[1005][1005];
int main()
{
int T;
scanf("%d", &T);
memset(dp, 0, sizeof(dp));
dp[0][0] = mp(0.0, mp(1.0, 0.0));
for(int i = 1; i < 1000; i++){dp[i][0] = mp(0.0, mp(0.0, 1.0));dp[0][i] = mp(1.0, mp(0.0, 0.0));}
for(int i = 1; i < 1000; i++){
for(int j = 1; j < 1000; j++){
int pointeri = i, pointerj = j;
int pos[5][5] = {{-4,0}, {-3,-1}, {-2,-2}, {-1,-3}};
for(int k = 0; k < 4; k++){
pointeri = max(0, i+pos[k][0]);
pointerj = max(0, j+pos[k][1]);
//printf("%d-%d ", pointeri, pointerj);
dp[i][j].first += 0.25*dp[pointeri][pointerj].first;
dp[i][j].second.first += 0.25*dp[pointeri][pointerj].second.first;
dp[i][j].second.second += 0.25*dp[pointeri][pointerj].second.second;
}//printf("\n");
}
}
while(T--)
{
int n;
scanf("%d", &n);
n = (n+24)/25;
if(n > 500)printf("1.00000000\n");
else{
pfff ans = dp[n][n];
printf("%.8f\n",(ans.first + ans.second.first*0.5));
}
//mm.clear();
}
//for(int i = 0; i < 1000; i++){
// pfff ans = dp[i][i];
// printf("%d--%.8f\n", i, (ans.first + ans.second.first*0.5));
//}
return 0;
}
-------------这么快就看完啦^ω^谢谢阅读哟-------------